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Provisional Government of Mexico (1823–24)
The Provisional Government of Mexico, was an organization denominated Supreme Executive Power ()〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.biblioteca.tv/artman2/publish/1823_122/Manifiesto_del_Supremo_Poder_Ejecutivo_dirigido_al_188.shtml )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.bicentenario.gob.mx/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=858:31-de-marzo-de-1823-se-nombra-un-triunvirato-compuesto-por-nicolas-bravo-guadalupe-victoria-y-pedro-celestino-negrete-para-hacerse-cargo-de-la-nacion-&catid=116:marzo&Itemid=215 )〕 which served as Executive to govern México between 1823 and 1824, after the fall of the Mexican Empire of Agustín I.〔(INEHRM Secretaría de Gobernación )〕 The organization was responsible for convening the creation of a Federal Republic, the United Mexican States and was in effect from April 1, 1823 to October 10, 1824.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://cdigital.dgb.uanl.mx/la/1020004349/1020004349_004.pdf )〕
== Background ==
On September 27, 1821 after three centuries of Spanish rule, Mexico reached its independence. The Treaty of Córdoba recognized part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain as an Independent Empire, which was recognized as "Monarchist, constitutional and moderate".〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.bicentenario.gob.mx/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1055:24-de-agosto-de-1821-se-firman-los-tratados-de-cordoba&catid=120:agosto&Itemid=221 )〕 The new country adopted the name of Mexican Empire.
A minority of the Constituent Congress in search of stability elected as monarch Agustín de Iturbide and thus he was proclaimed Emperor of Mexico on May 18, 1822.〔Álvarez Cuartero, Izaskun ''Op.cit.'' p. 266〕 However, the
''Constitutional Empire'' soon demonstrated the incompatibility of its two main parts, the Emperor and the Constituent Congress. The deputies were imprisoned simply for expressing their disagreements with Iturbide and finally, Iturbide decided to permanently eliminate the Congress, establishing instead a National Junta Board.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.iih.unam.mx/moderna/ehmc/ehmc11/136.html#nf41 )〕
The lack of Congress, the arbitrary nature of the Emperor and the absence of solutions to the serious problems that the country was facing increased conspiracies to change the imperial system. Antonio López de Santa Anna proclaimed the Plan of Casa Mata which was later joined by Vicente Guerrero and Nicolás Bravo. Iturbide then was forced to reestablish the Congress and in a vain attempt to save the order and keep the situation favorable to his supporters, he abdicated to the crown of the Empire on March 19, 1823.
However, the Congress nullified the designation of Iturbide and therefore the recognition of the abdication and made seem the coronation of Iturbide as a logic error in the consummation of Independence.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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